Services. If a reel mower is too much work, consider an electric mower. Secondly, a healthy lawn helps to prevent soil erosion, which can release keep carbon into the atmosphere. 36 Lawn SOD plugs are intended to be planted roughly 15 In. $2400 ($0. The price for Tifgrand here is $160 a pallet (500sqft). If you’re a homeowner or a proud lawn enthusiast, you probably understand the struggle of dealing with Bermuda grass issues. These specific varieties have been chosen to provide our customers with a superior sod choices that will. TifTuf. The Turfgrass Group has scientifically perfected—and patented-- the best of these grass families: Bermuda, Zoysia and Centipede varietals. The variety is fast spreading making it suitable for areas requireing recovery. TifBlair® Centipede. Now with the development of TifGrand Bermuda, the world's first shade tolerant bermuda, I can use it with confidence. Can be mowed with either reel or rotary mower. This hybrid Bermuda grass isn’t pollinated and is more resistant to disease than other Bermuda grasses. TifTuf ® started as an exploratory bermudagrass. 99. Great at Low Height. Overseeding: Overseeding with Bermuda grass seed can help fill in bare spots and promote new growth. First, the price was nearly the same and Zoysia is supposed to be a superior type of grass to Bermuda. Tiftuf Bermuda is a top pick for hot, arid climates, while Zoysia excels in warm and cool areas. First, consider the climate in your area. Because you are buying your product straight from the farm, you will be keeping your price low, grass fresh, delivery fast, and supporting a local business. TifGrand has brown to purple internodes and dark green foliage. What is best fertilizer for Bermuda grass? A high N-P-K ratio, little or no phosphorus, and a small amount of potassium are some of the qualities that make the bestfertilizer forBermuda grass. • Superior turf quality in full sun. TifGrand® is the world’s first seed and pollen sterile (triploid hybrid) Bermudagrass scientifically developed to thrive in lower light environments, requiring as little as 5 hours of direct sun. Contact - Atlanta Sod Company. Professional Zoysia sod has steadily gained in popularity as a hardy, warm-season perennial turf. Mowing Needs of Bermuda. Estos 2 pastos son ideales para tu área recreativa sombreada lo puedes adquirir Zoysia grass is a popular choice for homeowners who want to add some color and texture to their lawns. TifGrand (PP21017) is a hybrid bermudagrass variety that was developed by the University of Georgia’s turfgrass breeding program. Shade Tolerance. A: Aerating can be beneficial, especially if your soil is compacted. NG Turf has been great to work with. If you have done all of the above and still cannot seem to establish a good enough and satisfactory turf, as a last resort, you can try planting a shade-resistant Bermuda grass variety. After aerating your Bermuda grass, it’s good to overseed into the lawn in the deep holes. Therefore, TifTuf and TifGrand Bermuda grass were developed with this challenge in mind. Wayne Hanna, USDA turfgrass breeder located at Tifton, GA. TifGrand. He began his career as a manager for Milberger Turf Farms in Bay City, Texas in the late 60’s. TifGrand is “off the charts in terms of texture, density, color and traffic wear,” according to Tony Mancuso, CGCS, superintendent at Cherokee Towne and Country Club in Atlanta. While it’s true that TifTuf needs 38% less water than similar grasses, it still does need some water. Call us at (803) 263-4231. Water your lawn in the early morning to allow sufficient time for the grass blades to dry during the day, reducing the risk of disease and weed growth. NTEP trials system. Annual weeds. TifTuf Bermuda Grass: TifTuf is a drought-tolerant Bermuda grass variety that requires less water than many other types. In drought conditions, that can increase to 2½” of water a week. Bermuda grass should be mowed at a height of 1 to 1. The five mowers mentioned above – Honda HRX217K6VKA, Husqvarna LC221RH, Snapper XD 82V MAX, Toro. 00 ($1. Highly disease resistant, both varieties can be mowed. Reel mower 1/4" to 1. Carter Speer [Tifgrand] has the fine leaf quality of other popular turfgrasses but it maintains in shade and drought conditions and will cross multiple segments, including golf. It is a very stable turf grass, resembling hybrid characteristics such as pest and drought resistance. The blades can vary in color, ranging from light green to. For TifTuf Bermudagrass, apply 1-2 pounds of fertilizer per 1,000 square feet of turf annually. Early Spring Green Up. To me, it was too risky given the amount of shade and price. This fine-textured, green leaf beauty uses 38% less water than similar grass cultivars. Zeon and Zenith Zoysia are excellent grass varieties, but they differ slightly. 5. 832. You want to mow the lawn. This Bermuda grass variety can be identified by its dark green hue and fine leaf texture. Tifgrand. For example, Tifway 419, TifSport, and TifGrand are all bermudagrass varieties that were developed in Tifton, Georgia or have parentage from Tifton cultivars. Warm. It doesn’t require fertilization or irrigation, and it can tolerate a wide range of soil conditions. We can deliver to you or you can pickup at our farm. ScienTurfic Tahoma 31 bermudagrass is a “game changer” for saving water in Colorado. Easy To Maintain. Tahoma 31 bermudagrass was developed by the turfgrass experts at Oklahoma State University. Chase Crawford. The worst thing you can do for your lawn is to water it at night. TifGrand Bermuda is frequently used as sports turf and delivers exceptional quality in shady lawns. Bermuda grass is a warm season turfgrass that grows well in U. TifTuf Bermudagrass was released just a few short years ago in 2014 and has become wildly popular. Latitude 36 ® Bermudagrass Grass Plugs. This cultivar. Each watering should only consist of enough water to. Find Bermuda sod at Lowe's today. TifBlair® Centipede. Aerating your lawn at least annually is another way to encourage root growth and keep a healthy property. If you live in an area with hot, dry summers, Zoysia grass may be the best choice for your lawn. When the landscaper cleared what was left of the bermuda it was never totally eradicated and is now making its presence known again by coming up through the sod. TifGrand ®. You may also notice that it has small hairs where the leaf blade meets the leaf stem. Bermuda reaches deep into the soil to provide a dense, thick carpet that blankets your lawn while withstanding daily wear and tear ; Requires a minimum of 6-hour-8-hours of sunlight per day ; Established roots mean less water and maximum success ; Affordable - each 8-pack covers 18 sq. FAQs. This means when other bermudagrasses are turning brown from lack of rain and irrigation, TifTuf has color retention and stays green. Great at Low Height. Takeaways. Carter Speer [Tifgrand] has the fine leaf quality of other popular turfgrasses but it maintains in shade and drought conditions and will cross multiple segments, including golf. He has also developed commercial turfgrass cultivars including Tifton 10, TifSport, TifEagle and TifGrand Bermuda grasses and TifBlair centipedegrass. There, Hawaiian Turfgrass grows five types of grass: El Toro, Captiva® St. Wholesale. My decision was much simpler, Tifgrand for around $185/pallet or $90 for Celebration. Learn More. Homeowner Tips & How To's. com. $100 to make sure you put the right plant in the right place. It has fast germination and growth phase and is low-maintenance. Secondly is. 5" but my lawn isnt super level so I want to avoid scalping the nice lush grass. Learning all about Bermuda grass sod will help you make the best-informed decision about whether it is right for your lawn. Post by Avonlea22 » August 3rd, 2011, 7:44 pm Usually between. Re: Has anyone tried TifGrand yet? Post by Josh » July 22nd, 2010, 9:49 pm jtyrie wrote:By all means, keep us posted. TifGrand is a popular grass for playing surfaces like baseball, football, and soccer. Because Bermuda grass will not tolerate cold temperatures, high-nitrogen fertilizers are important as they help produce heat. During fall, September is the best time to fertilize your lawn. There was enough to be done that I started experimenting on different methods of filling in the areas. But its development by scientists at the University of Georgia took over 20 years, with research dating back to 1993. Read why Tifgrand is considered amazing! Delivery. 5″ to 1”. Augustine grasses. Select a. TifGrand was developed by the University of Georgia, USA and was trialled by 3 Lawn Solutions Australia (LSA) turf producers in QLD, NSW and VIC. Tifgrand is darker. ) is an important warm-season, perennial, sod-forming forage grass in Georgia and throughout the Southeast. For TifGrand to maintain its shade tolerance, it has to be mowed below 1" cutting height. Find premium bermuda grass plug varieties. Zeon Zoysia is known for its vibrant green color, soft texture, and superior heat and drought tolerance. , there are more than 100 types of turfgrass. Now with the development of TifGrand Bermuda, the world's first shade tolerant bermuda, I can use it with confidence. Known for its dark green color and fine leaf blades, it’s a natural choice for playing surfaces across the nation. Developed by The Turfgrass Group, this remarkable grass species has captivated homeowners. Tall Fescue is a cool-season grass, meaning that while it can withstand some heat and cold winters, it grows most vigorously and green in the spring and fall when temperatures are more temperate. Known for its dark green color and fine leaf blades, it’s a natural choice for playing surfaces across the nation. Best Practices for Zeon Zoysiagrass. Further, Tifgrand Bermuda can also be installed as a dormant sod. Rate of Grass Growth. Cold Weather Tolerant. Grass Type: St Augustine, TifGrand Bermuda Lawn Size: Not Specified Level: Not Specified. During the afternoon, it gets direct sun for. Through our alliances with the private sector and university breeding program, The Turfgrass Group licenses the production of one of the finest collections of superior “value-added” turfgrass varieties available in the world. TifGrand Certified Bermuda. Hybrid bermuda. Another great trait is its disease resistance. unlike many other turf varieties, TifTuf and TifGrand can only be produced and sold as Certified turfgrass. TifGrand is a semi-dwarf Bermuda grass that is naturally darker green and produces thin blade and denser turf than other Tifdwarf and semi-dwarf varieties. Photo by pin. Vigorous and Hearty. Use sharp mower blades and catch and remove clippings. November 12, 2023. 8,333. Sod is a pre-grown turf that can be installed in a day or two, as opposed to waiting weeks for grass seed to germinate. Learn About Tifgrand Bermuda . It’s a period when the grass goes dormant to conserve energy and protect itself from harsh winter conditions. Zeon ® Zoysia. Perfect for golf courses, it is darker green than other Bermuda varieties such as Tifway or TifTuf ™. Everything you need to grow lush, thick grass is pre-mixed and ready to use. Learn More. TifGrand Bermuda - Has great disease resistance and keeps a greener appearance through worse conditions. 8608 or [email protected] requires less nitrogen fertilizer to maintain its rich color and can be mowed below 0. If you're working on a home lawn and not a golf course, the regular Tifway 419 is. If you're working on a home lawn and not a golf course, the regular Tifway 419 is preferable. Bermuda grass is a desirable turfgrass used in lawns and sports fields, while crabgrass is an invasive weed that can quickly overtake lawns. Caring for your bermuda grass lawn can be a learning process. Characteristics: • TifGrand® Bermuda performs well in shaded (up to 60% – 70% shade) residential and commercial landscapes as well as other areas like shaded golf course tees, public and private parks and recreational sites. BEST FOR PATCH REPAIR: Scotts EZ Seed Patch and Repair Bermudagrass. Only a 1 pallet minimum order. TifGrand is a popular grass for playing surfaces like baseball, football, and soccer. A popular choice is the 10-10-10 fertilizer, which provides an equal ratio of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). TifGrand Bermudagrass thrives well in shade or full sunlight, yet one more reason why homeowners, sod producers, and turf breeders regard it as a true champion. The choice between the two depends on your specific climate and preferences. But TifGrand can thrive in only one season. (1) Fertilization Needs– Each turfgrass variety has its own specific fertilization requirements to maintain color, density, and overall health. when planted and cared for. com. Do you have access to any TIFTUF, whether sod, sprigs, or plugs? What size are are we talking about here? Compare Our Brands of Turfgrass and Find a Grower Near You. Too much fertility will result in a thatchy and unhealthy lawn. Evergreen Turf is the premier producer of Arizona sod. Hybrid Bermudas. Step 2: Set the Correct Mowing Height. To keep your Zeon Zoysiagrass looking best, give it 1” of water a week. TifGrand can tolerate up to 50% of shade under the right conditions of soil and sunlight. The guy at the nursery told me the Celebration can tolerate 30-40%. Is there anything out there that will kill it without harming the sod?One of the effective ways of naturally killing Bermuda grass is with vinegar. Zoysia grass is native to Asia. Quick recovery from injury. David Doguet has over forty (40) years of experience in the turfgrass industry. Tifgrand Bermuda grass is a hybrid variety that was developed in the United States for improved shade tolerance. Second, I did not feel that TifGrand was proven enough. You may look into Tahoma 31 as well. Does not go dormant during drought like other grasses; Better overall turfgrass quality and aesthetics under drought stress than any other BermudagrassOctober 27, 2023. At 1”-2”, Zeon Zoysiagrass can look and feel similar to bermudagrass varieties. 250” Fairways: Latitude bermudagrass . Tifway Bermuda (Cynodon transvaalensis × C. S. Compare grass varieties according to shade performance, drought resistance, mowing frequency and other characteristics to help you narrow down the search for the perfect sod for your project. Additionally, you may need to apply fungicides, insecticides, or other treatments to address specific issues. Dense, Traffic-Tolerant Growth. One of the most significant advantages of a low-maintenance Bermuda lawn is the reduced need for mowing. This fine-textured, green leaf beauty uses 38% less water than similar grass cultivars… and still looks great. JaMur® Zoysia. I choose tifgrand because I prefer the lower HOC and I'm hoping to be able to maintain it at . TifGrand is licensed by Georgia Seed Development Commission / New Concept Turf . By Adam Lawrence, September 3, 2014. If you have limited time for lawn care, Zoysia’s low-maintenance qualities might be a deciding factor. TifGrand® is the world’s first seed and pollen sterile (triploid hybrid) Bermuda scientifically developed to thrive in 60–70º continuous shade. In test after test, Tahoma 31 shows its exceptional winter hardiness, tested up to 75% more cold tolerant than other bermudagrass varieties. Upright and Very Fine-Blade Orientation. • Can only be produced as Certified. Bermuda Grass Vs Crabgrass, TifGrand Certified Bermuda, TifTuf Bermuda A lush, green lawn is the envy of many homeowners, and one way to achieve this is by investing in Bermuda sod. Uses Less Fertilizer. Cellular: (404) 895-3255. 4, ST-5). Tifway 419 Bermuda Grass: Tifway 419 is a popular Bermuda grass variety often used on sports fields and golf courses. TifTuf™ Bermudagrass was developed specifically to stay healthy throughout long, hot summers. 5 and 1. Its emergence as a leading variety has redefined the standards for lush, resilient lawns across various landscapes. probasesteal wrote: That seems like a good price for TifGrand. Thanks for the welcome. The tiftuff is a shade lighter in color than tifway 419. Cold Weather Tolerant. Rebel Supreme blend is one such variety that. Specially engineered varieties, such as TifTuf Bermuda and TifGrand ® Bermuda offer additional strength and beauty. As a result, you can enjoy more free time without compromising. Sod Installation Gallery; Sprinkler Systems Gallery; Drainage Solutions Gallery; Mulch, Top Soil, & Ground Coverings Gallery; Hardscaping & Retaining Walls Gallery; Before & After Gallery; About Us. 3 to 6 feet, depending upon soil type and watering patterns. TifTuf™ is a fine-textured hybrid bermudagrass that was selected for its drought tolerance and ability to maintain acceptable turf quality under drought stress. TifGrand lawns should be mowed once they reach a height of two inches, according to lawn-care professionals. This is true for all of the most desirable bermuda cultivars. Yuma – an excellent choice for those looking for a bright green color from a seed that is quick and easy to grow. TifTuf ™ Bermuda is the newest “Tif” release from the world-renowned University of Georgia breeding program. Shade Tolerance: TifGrand Bermuda turfgrass is scientifically developed to withstand up to 50% shade, provided soils are well-drained, competition from tree roots is minimized, mow height is kept low, and 4-6 hours of direct sunlight is received. If your lawn is used frequently, Bermuda. Richard Mendez was the sports turf manager at South San Antonio High School in San Antonio when the field was renovated in October 2010. Because you are buying your turf straight from the farm, you will be keeping your price low, sod fresh, delivery fast, and supporting a local business. Latitude 36’s visual appeal often surpasses that of other bermuda grasses on the market. It has a high traffic tolerance, making it a great option for busy yards. Producidos bajo el protocolo ITGAP (Internacional Turfgrass Genetic Assurance Program) Inspecciones. This fine-textured, green leaf beauty uses 38% less water than similar grass cultivars. 5" without noticing the difference. If those criteria are met, TifGrand performs in shade better than otherBermuda grass tolerates heavy foot traffic and establishes deep roots, making it highly drought and stress-resistant. Aesthetic Preferences. Reel mower 1/4" to 1. The blades are not as fine as TifGrand™. 5 to 5 hours of sun per day in your area, then TifGrand is for you. 5 to 1. Bermuda grass is known for its resilience and vibrant appearance, making it a popular choice for lawns in various climates. Among warm-season varieties, Zeon Zoysiagrass stands out as an especially shade-tolerant cultivar; it is the best turf for shade. ktgrok. Lush, Dense Texture. It’ll go dormant in the summer heat unless irrigated. That’s because it can withstand drought conditions and survive in poor soil conditions with little maintenance required. 75 inches (depending on whether you have a rotary or reel mower) for the. Blackjack is a very drought tolerant Bermuda grass as well as being bred for resistance to disease unlike many lessor. This will also be the optimal time for spring seeding. Bermuda grass Vs crabgrass are common grasses found in lawns. NG Turf is proud to offer Tifgrand Bermuda Sod in LaFayette. It is essential to choose a fertilizer with a balanced nutrient composition, specifically formulated to meet the needs of Bermuda grass. The type and amount of line can be determined by the level of acidity. It has several distinctive features that set it apart: Appearance: Bermuda grass has fine-textured blades that are narrow and pointed. The main differences between crabgrass and Bermuda grass lie in their growth habits, appearance, and purpose. The Turfgrass Group is the premier source for exclusive turfgrass cultivars at the cutting edge of turfgrass technology and engineering. Thus you should give your lawn a boost of nutrients to push blade growth. TifGrand has brown to purple internodes and dark. This works for most types of grass. 5” being an acceptable range. transvaalensis), therefore a field-based shade study was performed to determine whether different mowing heights (0. 250” Approaches: TifGrand bermuda . It won’t grow under a Southern magnolia but should do fine under the shade of high pine trees or tall tulip poplars. TifGrand was bred to withstand multiple environmental stresses such as shade and heavy traffic. This fungus can affect almost any lawn in many parts of the country. Delivery to the local area included. 50" or lower. Winter dormancy in Bermudagrass is a crucial phase in the life cycle of this warm-season grass. Grant Antwine. This disease can hit its peak when temperatures at night begin to linger between 65 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit in the early months of the summer season. TifGrand® Bermuda offers superior quality in full sun, along with moderate shade tolerance. Fair, prefers full sun. 035 sq/ft. Partner with NG Turf for consistent sod quality from Certified Turfgrass Professionals. This helps promote a healthy lawn. Will creep into flower beds, curbs and sidewalks Does not tolerate shade. Or fastest delivery Tomorrow, Aug 2 . It also has a high shade tolerance, which helps prevent dead spots caused by. Superior turf quality in full sun. Key Features: For Northern lawns. This turf variety is a product of almost 25 years of research and development. We can deliver to you or you can pickup at our farm. First, consider the climate in your area. 5 inch) or two trinexapac-ethyl (TE) growth regulator management treatments (control and 2 oz/acre) allow either ‘TifSport’ or ‘TifGrand’ hybrid. Tough Enough for Professional Athletes—and Your Kids. A TifTuf lawn only needs 1” – 2½” per week. Tifgrand Bermuda; View All Types. By removing thatch, you’re allowing air, water, and nutrients to reach the root zone of your grass. Open to suggestions. 48/Sq Ft) FREE delivery Tue, Oct 31 on $35 of items shipped by Amazon. 3316 posts · Joined 2017. The Summer Olympics may be in Japan this year, but Team USA was on home turf when they took the field for Friday’s opening ceremony. Have you noticed a strange green jelly growing on your lawn? It may look strange or even alarming at first. This is another positive that comes with laying sod in the fall season. That’s because it can withstand drought conditions and survive in poor soil conditions with little maintenance required. It's also a semi-dwarf and likes to be cut 0. com. • Reduced fertility requirements. TifGrand® is the world’s first seed and pollen sterile (triploid hybrid) Bermuda scientifically developed to thrive in 60–70º continuous shade. Email: bcarraway@theturfgrassgroup. Choose the Right Turf. Whereas TifGrand can grow under the soil level. |. If it. of Fort Valley, Georgia. This hardy grass withstands cleats, constant foot traffic, and heat. The course has Champion Ultradwarf Bermudagrass on its greens; Celebration Bermudagrass on its fairways; and TifGrand Bermudagrass on the tee boxes and collars. $64. #1 · May 30, 2022. The Turfgrass Group is the premier source for exclusive turfgrass cultivars at the cutting edge of turfgrass technology and engineering. Sod is also much denser than seed, meaning it’s less likely to get damaged and will need less watering and mowing. A Variety of Quality Turf. Bermudagrass is dark green in color and grows to a maximum of about two inches in height. It forms a dense, fine-textured turf and spreads through stolons and rhizomes. • TifGrand® Bermuda thrives with superior quality in full sun. TifGrand Bermuda is scientifically developed to withstand up to 60% shade, only requiring about 4-5 hours of direct sunlight. It is widely referred to as the modern standard in drought-tolerant types of Bermuda grass. 5” to 1”. The TifGrand is currently in the early stages of growth at our farms and will not be available to the public until early fall. This Bermuda grass variety can be identified by its dark green hue and fine leaf texture. How much water does TifTuf grass need? All grass needs sunlight, adequate fertilizer, heavy soil, and the right amount of water to survive. + This variety of bermudagrass. Maintenance Commitment. 'TifGrand' requires fewer hours of direct sun and is less sensitive to the Tawny-mole cricket compared to 'Tifway' and 'TifSport'. Split the fertilizer into two equal applications, once in the fall and once in the spring. Thank you. Its fine texture and dark green color makes for a great grass for home lawns, sports fields, or shaded tee. Yes, some varieties of Bermudagrass, such as “Tifway 419” and “Celebration,” have better cold tolerance and may perform better during winter dormancy in regions with colder climates. Their primary objective is to ensure that lawns, sports fields, and green spaces are pristine. Seeded bermuda is the grass that most bermuda haters hate. The Best Quality Buy Sod Online. 5", every 5-7 days. Tifway has short seed stalks that bear heads with light reddish anthers that shed no pollen. In 1993,the researchers picked the best 448 candidates from those and have been weeding out the pretenders ever since,he said. Tifway 419 is a deep green Bermuda grass with a fine texture. In addition, they have undergone substantial research and testing from breeders and/or universities. Bermuda plugs ordered in fall/winter will arrive dormant and won. El Pasto Bermuda Tifgrand™ es el único estéril triploide (nula producción de semilla) que puede tolerar la sombra. “People won’t. Sahara (SR-9554) – This is an economic Bermuda seed that is drought and traffic tolerant, very low maintenance. This is in large part due to specialized cultivars developed for increased beauty and durability. Augustine, Zeon® Zoysia, TifGrand® Bermuda and SeaStar® Seashore Paspalum. Any time of day is good for watering your lawn. Best for shade, but excellent in sun as well. This grass is identifiable by its coarse texture and above ground roots known as stolons. This hybrid is known. To learn more about premium Bermuda varieties, contact our Certified Turfgrass Professionals at 770. TIFSPORT BERMUDAGRASS. Key Benefits of Trinity (L1F) Zoysiagrass. Bermuda Grass: A tough grass, Bermuda is exceptionally weed-resistant, can tolerate heavy foot traffic and survives those hot summer days where rain is scarce. The quicker your roots are able to grow, the quicker you will have a beautiful and lush lawn. unlike many other turf varieties, TifTuf and TifGrand can only be produced and sold as Certified turfgrass. The grass will thrive between May and September. The Cuscowilla course on Lake Oconee in Georgia will reopen this weekend after a two-month closure to regrass its greens with Champion ultradwarf bermuda. “The feel of the grass, how when a ground ball is hit, it. dactylon) produces a vigorous-growing lawn with beautiful dark green blades that retain good color under stress. This means that after a while of having decreased water bills, the TifTuf grass will pay for itself. Step 5: Test the Soil. Tifgrand is a fine-bladed, semi-dwarf grass that cuts cleanly with either a reel or sharply bladed rotary mower. TifGrand® is the world’s first seed and pollen sterile (triploid hybrid) Bermuda scientifically developed to thrive in 60–70º continuous shade. BUT - if you want something that will look nice for at least 5 days after mowing - Bermuda is not the answer. These refer to the different types of grasses that have been developed for different purposes. However, the "table 5" and I tried to copy in below and then the discussion paragraph of the study clearly state, "The most consistent performing.